药物注射联合针刀治疗肩周炎临床疗效及安全性分析

为探讨针刀联合曲安奈德、正清风痛宁、利多卡因治疗肩周炎的临床疗效及安全性分析,本研究选取2016年1月至2017年12月来东南大学附属中大医院疼痛科就诊肩周炎患者120例,随机数字表法分为药物治疗组40例(曲安奈德+正清风痛宁+利多卡因+臭氧治疗),针刀治疗组40例,综合治疗组40例(曲安奈德+正清风痛宁+利多卡因+臭氧+针刀治疗),对比分析各组治疗前后肩关节功能评分、视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue score, VAS)评分、不良反应发生率。结果显示,组内比较,3组治疗后VAS和肩关节功能评分与治疗前比较,差异具有统计学意义(p<0.001)。组间比较,治疗前3组VAS和肩关节功能评分比较,差异不具有统计学意义;综合治疗组各时间点VAS评分均低于药物及针刀治疗组,综合治疗组肩关节功能评分在治疗后1个月和2个月高于药物及针刀治疗组,差异具有统计学意义(p<0.001)。3组的不良反应发生率,差异不具有统计学意义(p>0.05)。综上所述,针刀治疗联合曲安奈德、正清风痛宁、利多卡因及臭氧在关节腔及关节周围注射治疗肩周炎安全有效,值得在临床中推广应用。     

心肌纤维化的信号转导机制及新型抑制剂的研究进展

心肌纤维化(myocardial fibrosis, MF)是心肌重构发生的重要病理过程,能够引起心脏衰竭甚至死亡。心肌组织中成纤维细胞异常增殖并转化为肌成纤维细胞以及心肌细胞外基质代谢紊乱导致沉积是心肌纤维化形成的主要病理基础。心肌纤维化发生的分子机制较复杂,已发现多种信号通路参与了心肌纤维化的发生。该文主要对参与调控心肌纤维化的信号转导机制进行了综述,并对新型信号抑制剂的研究进展进行了小结。     

长非编码RNA-UCA1影响红细胞增殖

造血是一个高度协调、精密调控的过程。在正常造血分化过程中, lncRNA不仅调控造血干/祖细胞自我更新、分化、凋亡等过程,还决定造血谱系分化命运。关于lncRNA在人的不同造血谱系分化中的功能以及作用机制的研究已比较深入,但其在红系分化过程中的功能和机制的研究很少,仍处于建立差异基因表达谱的阶段。现有的研究表明, lncRNA-UCA 1(urothelial cancer associated 1)作为原癌基因与多种癌症的发生、发展、转移、产生化疗耐药性等密切相关。该研究发现,在体外诱导脐带血来源的CD34+干/祖细胞向红细胞分化的过程中,采用慢病毒感染的方法敲降UCA 1的表达抑制了红细胞的增殖及活力,对RNA-seq数据进一步分析发现,降低UCA 1的表达会影响与细胞周期相关基因的表达。     

Reduced β2-GPI is associated with increased platelet aggregation and activation in patients with prolonged isolated thrombocytopenia after allo-HSCT

We aimed to measure platelet function and its relationship with β2-GPI in prolonged isolated thrombocytopenia(PT) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT). Fifty-six patients with PT and 60 allo-HSCT recipients without PT(non-PT controls) were enrolled. Platelet aggregation and activation, β2-GPI and anti-β2-GPI antibody levels, vWF antigen,and vWF activity were analyzed. The effect of β2-GPI on platelet aggregation was also measured ex vivo. Results showed that ADP-induced platelet aggregation significantly increased(39%±7.5% vs. 23%±8.5%, P=0.032), and the platelet expression of both CD62 p(33.6%±11.6% vs. 8.5%±3.5%, P0.001) and PAC-1(42.4%±7.6% vs. 6.8%±2.2%, P0.001) was significantly higher in patients with PT than in those without PT. Significantly lower β2-GPI levels(164.2±12 μg m L–1 vs. 234.2±16 μg mL–1,P0.001), higher anti-β2-GPI IgG levels(1.78±0.46 U mL–1 vs. 0.94±0.39 U mL–1, P0.001), and increased vWF activity(133.06%±30.50% vs. 102.17%±25.90%, P0.001) were observed in patients with PT than in those without PT. Both ADPinduced platelet aggregation(n=116, r~2=-0.5042, P0.001) and vWF activity(n=116, r~2=-0.2872, P0.001) were negatively correlated with β2-GPI levels. In summary, our data suggested that platelet aggregation and activation were significantly higher in patients with PT than in those without PT, which might be associated with reduced β2-GPI levels. The reduced β2-GPI levels might be due to the existence of anti-β2-GPI IgG.     

Integrated analysis of gene expression and methylation profiles of novel pancreatic cancer cell lines with highly metastatic activity

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal human malignancies, partly because of its propensity for metastasis. However, highly metastatic human pancreatic cancer cell lines suitable for studies of metastasis are currently lacking. Here we established two highly metastatic human pancreatic cancer cell lines, MIA PaCa-2 In8 and Panc-1 In8, by Matrigel induction assay. The cell lines were further characterized both in vitro and in vivo. MIA PaCa-2 In8 and Panc-1 In8 cells demonstrated increased migration and invasion compared with their respective parental cells. Following injection into nude mice, MIA PaCa-2 In8 and Panc-1 In8 cells resulted in more pulmonary metastases compared with the parental cells. Furthermore, analyses of m RNA, long non-coding RNA, micro RNA, and methylation profiling revealed that these factors were aberrantly regulated in the highly metastatic cells,indicating that they probably affected metastasis. We thus established and characterized two highly metastatic human pancreatic cell lines that could be used as valuable tools for future investigations into the pathogenesis, metastasis, and potential treatment of human pancreatic cancer.     

Regulation of mitochondrial NAD pool via NAD+ transporter 2 is essential for matrix NADH homeostasis and ROS production in Arabidopsis

Reactive oxygen species(ROS) play a crucial role in numerous biological processes in plants, including development, responses to environmental stimuli, and programmed cell death(PCD). Deficiency in MOSAIC DEATH 1(MOD1), a plastid-localized enoyl-ACP reductase essential for de novo fatty acid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana, leads to the increased malate export from chloroplasts to mitochondria, and the subsequent accumulation of mitochondria-generated ROS and PCD. In this study, we report the identification and characterization of a mod1 suppressor, som592. SOM592 encodes mitochondrion-localized NAD~+ transporter 2(NDT2). We show that the mitochondrial NAD pool is elevated in the mod1 mutant. The som592 mutation fully suppressed mitochondrial NADH hyper-accumulation, ROS production, and PCD in the mod1 mutant, indicating a causal relationship between mitochondrial NAD accumulation and ROS/PCD phenotypes. We also show that in wild-type plants, the mitochondrial NAD+uptake is involved in the regulation of ROS production in response to continuous photoperiod. Elevation of the alternative respiration pathway can suppress ROS accumulation and PCD in mod1, but leads to growth restriction. These findings uncover a regulatory mechanism for mitochondrial ROS production via NADH homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana that is likely important for growth regulation in response to altered photoperiod.     

Effects of three different cultivars of cruciferous plants on the age‐stage,two‐sex life table traits of Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Plutella xylostella is an important pest of cruciferous crops worldwide. However, information regarding the age‐stage, two‐sex life parameters of P. xylostella, which is vital for designing more effective control methods, is currently lacking. The present study reports age‐stage, two‐sex life table parameters for P. xylostella on napa cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. napa), white cabbage (B. oleracea var. capitata), and cauliflower (B. oleracea var. botrytis) under laboratory conditions at 25 ± 2°C, 50–60% relative humidity, and a 16‐h light : 8‐h dark photoperiod. The time for development from an egg to a male or female adult P. xylostella on white cabbage (mean [± SE] 41.15 ± 0.54 and 39.50 ± 0.54 days, respectively) was significantly longer than that on cauliflower and napa cabbage. Furthermore, P. xylostella fecundity on cauliflower (261.90 ± 4.53 eggs female) was significantly highest than on napa cabbage and white cabbage. Intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ) were highest on cauliflower 0.182 day^?1 and 1.199 day^?1 respectively as comparison to napa cabbage and white cabbage. The highest gross reproductive rate (GRR) and net reproductive rates (R₀) of P. xylostella 65.87 and 52.58 respectively on cauliflower then those of other hosts. The findings of the present study indicate that cauliflower is the most suitable cultivar (host) for the development of P. xylostella. Based on these findings, crops like cauliflower can be used as trap crops when napa cabbage and white cabbage are the main crops.     

An update of the suicide plasmid-mediated genome editing system in Corynebacterium glutamicum

Corynebacterium glutamicum is an important industrial microorganism, but the availability of tools for its genetic modification has lagged compared to other model microorganisms such as Escherichia coli. Despite great progress in CRISPR-based technologies, the most feasible genome editing method in C. glutamicum is suicide plasmid-mediated, the editing efficiency of which is low due to high false-positive rates of sacB counter selection, and the requirement for tedious two-round selection and verification of rare double-cross-over events. In this study, an rpsL mutant conferring streptomycin resistance was harnessed for counter selection, significantly increasing the positive selection rate. More importantly, with the aid of high selection efficiencies through the use of antibiotics, namely kanamycin and streptomycin, the two-step verification strategy can be simplified to just one-step verification of the final edited strain. As proof of concept, a 2.5-kb DNA fragment comprising aroG^fbrpheA^fbr expressing cassettes was integrated into the genome of C. glutamicum, with an efficiency of 20% out of the theoretical 50%. The resulting strain produced 110 mg l⁻¹ l -tyrosine in shake-flask fermentation. This updated suicide plasmid-mediated genome editing system will greatly facilitate genetic manipulations including single nucleotide mutation, gene deletion and gene insertion in C. glutamicum and can be easily applied to other microbes.     

Comparison of leaf area index inversion for grassland vegetation through remotely sensed spectra by unmanned aerial vehicle and field-based spectroradiometer

Aims Remote sensing technology has been proved useful in mapping grassland vegetation properties. Spectral features of vegetation cover can be recorded by optical sensors on board of different platforms. With increasing popularity of applying unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to mapping plant cover, the study aims to investigate the possible applications and potential issues related to mapping leaf area index (LAI) through integration of remote sensing imagery collected by multiple sensors.